The Bauhaus †A Modernist School in Germany

The Bauhaus – A Modernist School in Germany Free Online Research Papers The Bauhaus was a modernist school in Germany that played an instrumental role early in the twentieth century in shaping today’s modern tastes and art education. At a time when industrial society was in the grip of a crisis, the Bauhaus questioned the ideas of traditional design and asked themself how the modernisation process could be mastered through design and architecture. It was founded in1919 and headed by Walter Gropuis, with a faculty including Paul Klee, Lyonel Feininger, Wassily Kandinsky and Marcel Breuer. The Bauhaus began with a Utopian definition: â€Å"The building of the future†, trying to combine all arts in ideal unity. The Bauhaus was a reaction to social changes that captured the spirit of change in a young generation willing to rebuild a bankrupt post-world war 1 Germany. The influence of the end of world war 1 had and impact on the Bauhaus and there approach, ideas and art making. After world war 1 industrial art was no longer and individualistic phenomenon. It was here in 1919 that a new revolution of art took place that dealt with life with an aesthetic approach. In 1923, the Bauhaus reacted with a changed program, with a major exhibition which was to mark it’s future image under the motto: â€Å"art and technology a new unity†. This exhibition provided a glimpse of a residential building of the future. The Bauhaus educated, by developing workshops and courses that all who entered the school must attend. The characteristics of different materials, their form, texture and suitability for art were discussed during worships. Structure, composition, colour and use of light became ob jects of study. Three-dimensional objects that were seen as functional were often created and primary colours were used. The Bauhaus style was characterised by a serve geometrical form, and by design that took into account the nature of the materials being used. Bauhaus designs and buildings were functional, with a clean, geometry style line. In 1925 the Bauhaus moved to Dessau, Germany. On the basis of his experiences gained at the Weimar Bauhaus, Gropius talked about the aims he had for the Bauhaus in 1925 and what they were trying to achieve. He said â€Å" Bauhaus wishes to serve the actual development of the housing, from simple utensils to the complete dwelling house. Bauhaus tries to find the form of every object in it’s natural functions and presuppositions by systematically experimenting in theory and practice. The result are forms that differing from the common ones often feel strange and startling†. During this year and around the 1927 many things were going on in Germany that influenced the way the Bauhaus sort to interpreted the world. The greatest advances in research took place in Germany, the country began to grow in technology, science and wealth launching the first liquid-fuelled rocket. On the 1st of April 1928 Walter Gropius resigned as Director of the Bauhaus and return to private architectural practice, as a result of the constant struggle and pressure for the Bauhaus’ survival. His successor was the Swiss architect Hannes Meyer who was replaced in 1930 as he failed as a leader due to political disagreements within the Bauhaus. German architect Ludwig Van der Rohe was invited as director and the Bauhaus approached a type of ‘ vocational university†. It began to loose the support from Dessau so the school was then moved to Berlin where it became hated by the Nazis for it’s ideas and different approaches taken. With the Great Depression beginning in 1930 and spreading across the world most of Europe was in political and economic shambles. However during this time the Nazis’ rose in Germany with it’s own dreams of conquest and a superior race, at this stage the Bauhaus became stronger expressing ideas and new forms of art. As a result of Germany being dictated by Adolf Hitler and the degeneration of culture, the Bauhaus under pressure from the Nazis was closed by police on the 11th of April, 1933. The Bauhaus was a very influential group of artists that changed the way of traditional art forms and sought to interpret the world in new ways. The significance and influence of the Bauhaus is still being carried on today, this can be seen in many cities, with their geometrical buildings and the use of glass windows. This group of artists and school interpreted the world in new ways through their unusual aims and goals. The school had three main aims that stayed basically the same throughout the life of the Bauhaus even though the direction of the school changed significantly and repeatedly. the first aim of the school was to â€Å"rescue all of the arts from the isolation in which each then found itself†, to encourage the individual artists and craftsmen to work co-operatively and combine all of their skills. Secondly, the school set out to promote crafts, chairs, lamps, teapots, to the same level enjoyed by fine arts, painting and sculpting. the third aim was to renew architecture and unify all of the creative arts in architecture. Above all the intention with Bauhaus was to develop creative minds for architecture and thus influence them so they would be able to produce artistically, technically and practically balanced utensils. These aims and intentions were the basis of the Bauhaus that began to influence our lives i mmensely in ways that most people probably take for granted. 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Isabel Allende essays

Isabel Allende essays Tell me a story. Rolfe Carle asks of his lover Eva Luna. Tell me a story you have never told anyone. And so our modern-day Sheherezade spins twenty-three tales over twenty-three nights now collected into The Stories of Eva Luna, where this wonderful storyteller evokes powerful emotions in her readers through themes of love, death, pride, strength and courage, human characters and a unique style of writing. Isabel Allende, the author of The Stories of Eva Luna, writes in a simple, yet extremely descriptive way, giving her stories an almost music-like resonance and letting the reader feel like they are actually right there next to the action, as when, in Ester Lucero they bore her away on an improvised stretcher, bleeding like a stuck pig, her eyes wide with terror. (ESTER LUCERO, PG. 1). Allendes powerful descriptions in Ester Lucero, as well as two other short stories, And of Clay Are We Created and The Judges Wife are wonderfully rich, allowing the reader to visualize places, identify with events and become emotionally attached to characters, as we do when we are told of Azucena stuck in a mudslide in And of Clay Are We Created, with her dark face, her large desolate eyes, the plastered-down tangle of hair.. (AND OF CLAY, PG. 2) Critics have dubbed Allendes descriptive power as being distinctive, powerful and haunting (ELAINE KENDALL, LOS ANGELES TIMES - DECEMBER 28, 1990), and able to turn the ordinary into magic and the magical into everyday life. (GILLIAN STEWARD, THE CALGARY HERALD - JANUARY 19, 1991) Allende is one of the most widely recognized authors to use what is known as magic realism, which she says is based around that dream-like quality that memories have. Its misty, its foggy. You dont know whats real and whats fantasy. Magic realism is the ability to mix fant...

Corporation law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Corporation law - Essay Example In her role as accountant, Emma should ensure that the employees, management and the external advisers possess the required skills in managing the business finances. The case scenario indicates that the employee in charge of the accounts was unwell and this distorted all the financial records. Therefore, Emma could have ensured maintenance of all the financial records to enhance effective communication of any information like the Trouble Shooter’s dues and other affairs of the company. As a result, appropriate enquiries could have remained informed on the financial position of the company. As the financial director, Emma could have ensured that the financial records remained updated. The financial director must ensure information on the financial affairs of the company by presenting the current financial viability as well as the impacts related with any further debts (Bosen 2009, p.96). The directors failed in their duty of preventing insolvent trading. At the time of debts, t he company was already insolvent, and Ying engaged in trade with OHS solutions. The law sets out the contravention levels where the directors pay a civil penalty for failing to prevent the incurred debts when aware of the insolvency of the company. Ying new that OHS was insolvent, and he proceeded to trade with the company. According to the Corporation Law, this presents a criminal offense when the directors failed in preventing the company from incurring such debts even after the awareness on the company’s insolvency. The consequences for breaching the duty involve the compensation order where the court may order the director to compensate the companies the equivalent of the suffered loss. This results due to failure of preventing the company from making losses while insolvent. The managing corporation of OHS Solutions could have been disqualified under the justification of sections s206C. In their prevention of breach of duty, directors must account for the fundamental prin ciples. This ensures availability of information on financial affairs of the company and enhances immediate identification of the concerns on the financial position of the company. The company assesses realistically any financial difficulties experienced by the company (Davis 2002, p.403). Failure of the directors in monitoring the company’s solvency as well as the investigation of the financial difficulties and consideration of the timely advice results in breach of duty. The executive director; Satish and non-executive directors; Emma and Ying must have been involved in active monitoring of the OHS Solutions’ financial position. The directors must ensure proper financial records for the company as well as reasonable inquiries to enhance an understanding of the cash flow requirements and financial position of the company. The director must monitor the position of the company to ensure its capability in paying the debts. This requires that the director be remain inform ed on the ongoing basis that rely solely on the financial statements. In the quest for sufficient information of the company, the financial director must ensure they monitor the preparation of the financial records as well as reviewed the company’s capabilities in repayment of debts. The actual steps by the director must ensure proper information on the company’s situation. The director, as in case of Emma, may not be involved directly in